Inclusion Criteria:

• Cohort A: Elevated Risk Group (70% of cohort):
  • Age: Participant must be 50 years of age or older at the time of signing the Informed Consent Form (ICF). 

Participants must meet at least one of the criteria below:

• History of smoking at least 100 cigarettes in his or her lifetime.
• Documented genetic cancer predisposition, hereditary cancer syndrome, or meeting criteria for germline testing based on current NCCN guidelines.
• Personal history of invasive or hematologic malignancy, with definitive treatment completed greater than 3 years prior to enrollment. Adjuvant hormone therapy for cancer is permissible (i.e., may be ongoing within 3 years or at the time of enrollment).
• Cohort B: Non-Elevated Risk Group (30% of cohort): 
  • Age: Participant must be 50 years of age or older at the time of signing the Informed Consent Form (ICF);
  • None of the conditions described in Cohort A.
• For all participants, capable of giving signed and legally effective informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Undergoing or referred for diagnostic evaluation due to clinical suspicion for cancer (e.g., referred to a medical or surgical oncologist, or scheduled for biopsy on the basis of a suspicious imaging abnormality).
• Personal history of invasive or hematologic malignancy, diagnosed within the 3 years prior to expected enrollment date. 
• Definitive treatment for invasive or hematologic malignancy within the 3 years prior to expected enrollment date. Adjuvant hormone therapy for cancer is not an exclusion criterion. 
• Individuals who will not be able to comply with the protocol procedures. 
• Individuals who are not current patients at a participating center. 
• Previous or current participation in another GRAIL-sponsored study.
• Previous or current employees or contractors of GRAIL.