Iobenguane I-131 or Crizotinib and Standard Therapy in Treating Younger Patients With Newly-Diagnosed High-Risk Neuroblastoma or Ganglioneuroblastoma

Overview

About this study

Despite recent improvements in outcome for children with newly diagnosed high-risk neuroblastoma, cure rates  remain  unsatisfactory.Further, these gains have been the result of interventions during the Consolidation (tandem autologous stem cell transplant) and Post-Consolidation (dinutuximab immunotherapy) phases of treatment, while rates of disease control during Induction have not improved in recent COG trials. The current phase 3 trial seeks to improve the event-free survival (EFS) for children with high-risk neuroblastoma through early integration of promising novel targeted therapies: targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy with 131I-MIBG or the ALK inhibitor, crizotinib. After enrollment, patients will receive one cycle of Induction chemotherapy. Subsequent therapy will be based upon MIBG avidity and ALK status. Patients with MIBG-avid, ALK wild type (or ALK unknown) disease will be randomized to one of three arms: A) current COG recommended high-risk therapy including four more cycles of Induction chemotherapy and surgical resection of the primary tumor, Consolidation with tandem transplant and focal external beam radiation, and dinutuximab immunotherapy with isotretinoin; B) current COG recommended high-risk therapy with the addition of a block of 131I-MIBG after the third Induction cycle; or C) current COG recommended high-risk therapy with the addition of a block of 131I-MIBG after the third Induction cycle and substitution of busulfan / melphalan (BuMel) single autologous stem cell transplant in place of tandem transplant. Patients with MIBG non-avid, ALK wild type (or ALK unknown) disease will be non-randomly assigned to receive current COG recommended high-risk therapy without the addition of 131I-MIBG. Patients with ALK aberrant tumors (ALK tyrosine kinase mutation or ALK amplification) will be non-randomly assigned to receive crizotinib added to current COG recommended high-risk therapy. The primary endpoint is EFS and 774 eligible and evaluable patients are anticipated to enroll over approximately 5 years. Key secondary endpoints are toxicity, end-Induction response, and overall survival. Late effects of therapy including targeted therapies will be compared with late effects of current COG recommended treatments Embedded correlative studies seek to understand predictors of benefit and resistance to 131I-MIBG and crizotinib.

Participation eligibility

Participant eligibility includes age, gender, type and stage of disease, and previous treatments or health concerns. Guidelines differ from study to study, and identify who can or cannot participate. There is no guarantee that every individual who qualifies and wants to participate in a trial will be enrolled. Contact the study team to discuss study eligibility and potential participation.

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients must be enrolled on ANBL00B1 or APEC14B1 prior to enrollment on ANBL1531.
  • Patients must have a diagnosis of neuroblastoma or ganglioneuroblastoma (nodular) verified by tumor pathology analysis or demonstration of clumps of tumor cells in bone marrow with elevated urinary catecholamine metabolites; the following disease groups are eligible:
    • Patients with International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) stage M disease are eligible if found to have either of the following features:
    • MYCN amplification (> 4-fold increase in MYCN signals as compared to reference signals), regardless of additional biologic features; OR
    • Age > 547 days regardless of biologic features.
  • Patients with INRG stage MS disease with MYCN amplification.
  • Patients with INRG stage L2 disease with MYCN amplification.
  • Patients > 547 days of age initially diagnosed with INRG stage L1, L2 or MS disease who progressed to stage M without prior chemotherapy may enroll within 4 weeks of progression to stage M.
  • Patients ≥ 365 days of age initially diagnosed with MYCN amplified INRG stage L1 disease who progress to stage M without systemic therapy may enroll within 4 weeks of progression to stage M.
  • Patients initially recognized to have high-risk disease must have had no prior systemic therapy (other than topotecan/cyclophosphamide initiated on an emergent basis and within allowed timing); patients observed or treated with a single cycle of chemotherapy per a low or intermediate risk neuroblastoma regimen (e.g., as per ANBL0531, ANBL1232 or similar) for what initially appeared to be non-high risk disease but subsequently found to meet the criteria will also be eligible; patients who receive localized emergency radiation to sites of life-threatening or function-threatening disease prior to or immediately after establishment of the definitive diagnosis will be eligible.
  • Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 70 mL/min/1.73 m^2 or a serum creatinine based on age/sex as follows:
    • 1 to < 2 years: male = 0.6; female = 0.6;
    • 2 to < 6 years: male = 0.8; female = 0.8;
    • 6 to < 10 years: male = 1; female = 1;
    • 10 to < 13 years: male = 1.2; female = 1.2;
    • 13 to < 16 years: male = 1.5; female = 1.4;
    •  ≥ 16 years: male = 1.7; female = 1.4;
    • Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age; and
    • Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) < 10 x ULN; for the purposes of this study, ULN for SGPT (ALT) is 45.
  • Shortening fraction of ≥ 27% by echocardiogram, or ejection fraction of > 50% by echocardiogram or radionuclide angiogram.
  • No known contraindication to peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection; examples of contraindications might be a weight or size less than the collecting institution finds feasible, or a physical condition that would limit the ability of the child to undergo apheresis catheter placement (if necessary) and/or the apheresis procedure.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with INRG stage L2 tumors without amplification of MYCN regardless of tumor histology (may meet criteria for high risk classification but are not eligible for this trial).
  • Patients with bone marrow failure syndromesm.
  • Patients for whom targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy would be contraindicated due to underlying medical disorders.
  • Female patients who are pregnant since fetal toxicities and teratogenic effects have been noted for several of the study drugs; a pregnancy test is required for female patients of childbearing potential. 
  • Lactating females who plan to breastfeed their infants.
  • Sexually active patients of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation.

Participating Mayo Clinic locations

Study statuses change often. Please contact the study team for the most up-to-date information regarding possible participation.

Mayo Clinic Location Status Contact

Rochester, Minn.

Mayo Clinic principal investigator

Wendy Allen-Rhoades, M.D., Ph.D.

Open for enrollment

Contact information:

Cancer Center Clinical Trials Referral Office

(855) 776-0015

More information

Publications

Publications are currently not available

Additional contact information

Cancer-related trials contact form

Phone: 855-776-0015 (toll-free)

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