Inclusion Criteria:

• PRE-REGISTRATION:
  • Diagnosis of MPM, confined to single pleural cavity, with histologic confirmation of the primary tumor
  • Measurable disease per modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria for mesothelioma
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) 0, 1, or 2
  • Ability to provide informed consent
  • Willingness to return to Mayo Clinic Rochester or the University of Minnesota Cancer Center for follow up
  • Life expectancy ≥ 12 weeks (in the opinion of the enrolling investigator)
  • Willingness to provide the biologic specimens and participate in the SPECT/CT imaging as required by the protocol
  • Presence of a pleural effusion with the ability to safely place an intrapleural catheter or have pre-existing intrapleural catheter
  • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1500/μL
  • Platelet count ≥ 100,000/μL
  • Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of institutional normal
  • Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]) ≤ 2 x upper limit of institutional normal
  • Serum Creatinine ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of institutional normal
  • Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL
  • Must be willing to implement contraception throughout study and for the 4 weeks following last viral administration
• REGISTRATION:
  • Anti-measles immunity as demonstrated by serum IgG anti-measles antibody levels of ≥ 1.1 EU/ml as determined by BioPlex Measles IgG multiplex flow immunoassay.
  • Hepatitis B and C negative
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative
  • CD4 count ≥ 200/μL
  • CT imaging review submission to confirm unilateral pleural involvement; this review for CT imaging is mandatory prior to registration to confirm eligibility; it should be initiated as soon as possible after pre-registration
  • Negative pregnancy test done ≤ 7 days prior to registration, for women of childbearing potential only

Exclusion Criteria:

• PRE-REGISTRATION
  • Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to:
    • Active infection ≤ 5 days prior to pre-registration
    • Psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
    • Symptomatic congestive heart failure New York Heart Association classification III or IV
    • Symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD)
    • Symptoms of CAD on systems review
    • Cardiac arrhythmias 
  • Any of the following therapies prior to pre-registration:
    • Chemotherapy ≤ 4 weeks
    • Immunotherapy ≤ 4 weeks
    • Biologic therapy ≤ 4 weeks; Note exception: prior viral and/or gene therapy are exclusion criteria
    • Radiotherapy ≤ 4 weeks Failure to fully recover from acute, reversible effects of prior anti-cancer therapy regardless of interval since last treatment; NOTE: patients must have fully recovered from all acute, reversible toxicities (defined as Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [CTCAE] 4.0 ≤ grade 1) associated with previous treatment
  • Any of the following because this study involves an investigational agent whose genotoxic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects on the developing fetus and newborn are unknown:
    • Pregnant women
    • Nursing women
    • Men or women of childbearing potential who are unwilling to employ adequate contraception
  • Any ancillary therapy considered investigational (utilized for a non-Food and Drug Administration [FDA] approved indication and in the context of a research investigation) or any other treatment specifically for treating the current malignancy
  • Immunocompromised patients, including patients known to be HIV positive
  • Other active malignancy ≤ 2 years prior to pre-registration; EXCEPTIONS: non-melanotic skin cancer or carcinoma-in-situ of the cervix
  • History of organ transplantation
  • Known hepatitis B or C
  • Treatment with oral/systemic corticosteroids; NOTE: with the exception of topical or inhaled steroids
  • Exposure to household contacts ≤15 months old or household contact with a person with known immunodeficiency
  • Allergy to measles vaccine or history of severe reaction to prior measles vaccination
  • Allergy to iodine; NOTE: this does not include reactions to intravenous contrast materials
  • History of tuberculosis or purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test positivity
  • Inability or unwillingness to have pleural catheter placed
  • Requiring ongoing blood product support at time of pre-registration