Clinical Trials

Inclusion Criteria:

• Able to provide written informed consent prior to any study procedures.
• Willing and able to comply with study procedures.
• No medical problems or chronic diseases for healthy volunteers.
• No prior diagnosis of gastroparesis in bariatric surgery groups.
• Body mass index of 18-27 kg/m^2 for healthy volunteers.
• Body mass index of 18-50 kg/m^2 for bariatric surgery groups; type 2 diabetes is permissible as long as there are no exclusion criteria.
• Female subjects must have negative urine pregnancy tests and must not be lactating prior to radiation exposure.
• Ability and willingness to eat all components of the test meal.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent.
• Unable or unwilling to comply with study procedures.
• Prior alteration of gastric anatomy.
• Known or suspected gastroparesis.
• Use of drugs known to alter gastrointestinal function including opiates, GLP1 agonists and analogs and medications known to affect gastric emptying.
• History of recent surgery (within 60 days of screening) in the healthy volunteer group.
• Acute or chronic illness or history of illness which in the opinion of the investigator could pose a threat or harm to the subject or obscure interpretation of laboratory test results or interpretation of study data, such as frequent angina, Class III or IV congestive heart failure, moderate impairment of renal or hepatic function, poorly controlled diabetes (HbA1c >12%), etc.
• Any clinically significant abnormalities on physical examination or laboratory abnormalities identified in the medical record, as determined by the investigator.
• Acute GI illness within 48 hours of initiation of the baseline period.
• Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
• History of excessive alcohol use or substance abuse.
• Any other reason, which in the opinion of the investigator, would confound proper interpretation of the study.
• Body weight more than 600 lbs.