Clinical Trials

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥ 18 years.
• No use of opioids for 6 months prior to the issuance of the initial opioid prescription.
• At least 1 dose of the initial opioid prescription was taken.
• Willingness to participate in all aspects of the study including use of the mobile health platform on their personal smartphone.
• Patients meeting these inclusion criteria will be further categorized based on CONSORT criteria.

Criteria for the long-term CONSORT category includes:

• Episodes of opioid prescribing lasting longer than 90 days and including 120 or more total days’ supply or 10 or more prescriptions.

Criteria for the short-term CONSORT category includes:

• Episodes of opioid prescribing lasting 90 days or less.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Cancer-associated pain.
• Concurrent treatment for cancer (e.g., chemotherapy, radiation therapy).
• Residence in an extended care facility.
• Mental health disorders that could impede functioning in an ambulatory care setting (e.g., schizophrenia, dementia).
• Non-English speaking individuals.
• Although study participation will be limited to adults who own a smartphone, recent data from January 2018 demonstrate 77% of U.S. residents own a smartphone.
• An iPad will be available for use by adults not wanting to utilize their smartphone, or for those not owning a smartphone.