Kendall H. Lee, M.D., Ph.D.

The purpose of this study is to develop a localizer for use within the 7T MRI to allow for future clinical use in neurosurgical planning.

The objective of this study is to utilize ultra-high-field MR neuroimaging to elucidate the structural and functional anatomy of the human nucleus accumbens and associated brain structures in healthy volunteers and in subjects with substance use disorder.

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of a Cala TWO Device on brain metabolism in essential tremor subjects scheduled to undergo deep brain stimulation surgery.

The purpose of this study is to examine the long term effects of motor cortex stimulation related to pain control.

The purpose of this study is to assess how the overall impact of pain has changed in the patient's life since deep brain stimulation surgery.

This study is investigating the usefulness of using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to monitor brain activation during deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's Disease. The study may determine the relationship between patterns of brain activation and therapeutic outcome and/or side effects.

The purpose of this study is to compare 7 tesla MRI data and 3D image of model deep brain stimulation target areas to the post-surgical image of actual placement at time of deep brain stimulation surgery, using standard of care 1.5 tesla MRI.

In this study, the investigators will monitor extracellular neurotransmitter levels using a probe that is able to perform real time electrochemical detection during deep brain stimulation surgery. The overall question this study is designed to answer is: Are there neurotransmitters released during deep brain stimulation?